1. Advanced technology: The government uses technologies like AI-powered drones for crowd management, threat detection, and delivering medical supplies to reduce response times.
2. Infrastructure improvements: Major renovations to the Grand Mosque and surrounding areas, including fire-resistant tents and heat-deflecting marble, are designed to enhance safety and comfort.
3. Large security presence: Thousands of security personnel and volunteers are deployed to guide pilgrims and manage large crowds.
4. Medical support: Emergency medical services and temporary clinics are available, and emergency medical care is provided free of charge to pilgrims.
5. Regulation and control: Strict measures are in place to prevent unauthorized individuals from entering the Hajj and to mitigate risks like heatstroke and dehydration. 

Pilgrim-specific safety guidelines

Personal security:

1. Protect valuables like passports and phones from theft, especially in crowded areas like the Grand Mosque and Medina.
2. Be aware of scams and only use official platforms for visas and permits.
3. Carry copies of important documents and keep the originals in a secure location. 

Crowd safety:

1. Stay with your group and move with the crowd, avoiding getting separated.
2. Be aware of potential stampedes and stay calm if a situation arises.
3. Avoid rushing and perform rituals at your own pace.

Health precautions:

1. Get recommended vaccinations, such as those for meningitis, before your trip.
2. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of bottled or boiled water, especially in the heat.
3. Use sun protection and seek shade when possible to avoid heat-related illnesses.